| 翻訳と辞書 |
Oyster reef
The term oyster reef refers to dense aggregations of oysters that settle on hard substrates to form large colonial communities. The substrate on which larval oysters settle can begin as stone, pilings, or marine debris. As the reef develops the structure will eventually be primarily propagated upon the shells of older, nonliving oysters. The Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, is heavily harvested and forms extensive oyster reefs along the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico coasts.〔La Peyre MK, Furlong J, Brown LA, Piazza BP, Brown K. 2014. Oyster reef restoration in the northern Gulf of Mexico: extent, methods, and outcomes. Ocean & Coastal Management 89: 20-28〕
Oyster reef restoration projects often place the sanitized shells of dead oysters, concrete, or limestone pieces on a soft bottom to encourage oyster spat settlement.〔
==Ecology==
A natural oyster reef is composed of living and dead oyster shells and provides a biome for other micro and macrofaunal species. The complex three-dimensional interstitial spaces within oyster reefs provide refugia for prey or juvenile species, which increases prey biomass and thereby enhances trophic transfer. Oyster reefs improve water quality through filtration, carbon sequestration, and excess nutrient uptake. Oyster reefs also stabilize shorelines by promoting sediment deposition and buffering wave energy, thereby allowing other habitats such as sea grass beds and marsh areas to form while simultaneously decreasing erosion of the shoreline.〔〔Brown LA, Furlong JN, Brown KM, La Pyre MK. 2014. Oyster reef restoration in the northern Gulf of Mexico: effect and artificial substrate and age on nekton and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblage use. Restoration Ecology 22:213-222〕〔Dillon KS, Peterson MS, May CA. 2015. Functional equivalence of constructed and natural intertidal eastern oyster reef habitats in a northern Gulf of Mexico estuary. Marine Ecology Progress Series 528: 187-203〕〔George LM, De Santiago K, Palmer TA, Pollack JB. 2015. Oyster reef restoration: effect of alternative substrates on oyster recruitment and nekton habitat use. Journal of Coastal Conservation 19:13-22〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Oyster reef」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|